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Exhaust Mechanism and Spark Arrester. No. 238,084,

Patented Feb. 22,1881.

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'Wihaemaey NVPEFERS, PHQTOUTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

UNITED STATES" PATENT OFFICE;

JOHN D. BROWN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, PETER J. VANDERBILT, ANl) MATTHEW L. HABNEY, OF SAME PLACE.

EXHAUST MECHANISM-AND SPARK ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 238,084, dated February 22, 1881.

Application filed December 11, 1880.

To all whmn it may concern Be it known-that I, JOHN DUNWELL BROWN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful improvement in means for equalizing, regulating, and improving the draft of locomotive and stationary boilers, and for disposing and removing the sparks and cinders which may be drawn through the lines; and I hereby declare the following specification to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to construct and use the same.

Myinvention relates to improved means for equalizing, regulating, and improving the draft of locomotive and stationary boilers and for disposing and removing the sparks and cinders which may be drawn through .the fines, the object thereof being, first, to accomplish a saving of fuel by so regulating the draft that it will draw in an equalized manner throughout all the fines, and consequentlyin the same manner over and through the entire surface of coals on the grate; second, to provide a simple means for removing sparks and cinders drawn through the tines without allowing them to pass out at the stack or to remain long enough in the smoke-box to affect the draft or 0 to burn the metal.

Figure l is a vertical longitudinal broken section of a horizontal tubular boiler. Figs. 2 and 3 are modifications of the same. Fig. 4 is a view of a register for regulating the draft.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

In the drawings above mentioned, A represents the flues of the boiler; B, the steam and water space; 0, the smoke-box; D D, the

0 stack; E ,theexhaust-pipe leading from the cylinder; F, a lift or petticoat pipe (so called) placed over the nozzleot' the pipe E. This pipe E terminates at a point at any suitable distance within the lift-pipe F. This pipe F sits 5 partially within a drum or pipe, G, which is partially closed at the bottom, and immediatelybelow and attached to' or connected with the same is placed a suction-pipe, H. This suction-pipe H is made of a suitable diameter at its base in order to draw upon a large space,

(No model.)

and if very large and entirely open at the bottom would draw within itso great a quantity of the products of combustion as to prevent the equalization of draft in other parts. It is therefore provided with a plate, J, fastened to L said openings or perforations beingjleft open,

or they may be covered by aregister, 0, similar to the one shown in Fig. 4.

In the front end of the smoke-box, extending across to either side thereof and afew inches below the suction-pipe H, is placed a floor or hearth, K, which may be made of any suitable material and of any desired thickness. This tloor extends from the front end of smokebox toward the flue-sheet a little beyond the suction-pipe H, while underneath said floor K there is left a cavity, L, connecting with a pipe, M, outside of the smoke-box.

Attached to the floor K, or in front of same, and connected with either side of the smokebox or to the flue-sheet, is placed a netting, N, which is intended to arrest any sparks or cinders that may be drawn through the tubes and allow them to fall and be deposited at the mouth of the cavity L. From this point they may be removed by means of the steam-jet pipe P, terminating within the discharge-pipe M in the lower part of the front end of the smoke-box, or they may be removed at any suitable point along the base of said passage L either by hand or blast.

Within the pipe Mis placed ablower-pipe, 1, connecting with the steam-chamber of the boiler, the cock X of which is connected, by the rod R, to a gate or door, S, on or within any part of the pipe M.

Attached to and surrounding the lift-pipe F, a short distance above the bottom thereof, is a partition-plate or shield, T, which is intended to divide the draft which passes into the drum Gr from that which passes upward into the stack, the exterior base of the drum G having 2 aaaosa a similareffect in partitioning the draft which passesinto the suction-pipe H from that which passes into the top of the drum G.

The operation of the draft is as follows: The engine being at rest, the natural draft is passing from the fines upward within and around the pipes in the smoke-box into the stack. The first exhaust of steam from the pipe E into the pipe F cuts off that upward current below the partition-plate T, drawing it downward through the drum G into the pipe F. Simultaneously, also, the products of combustion at the bottom of the fines are drawn inward through the perforations or openingsi'n the plate J and through the suction-pipe H, when, following the exhaust-steam from the pipe E, it passes through thelit't-pipe F and is discharged into the base of the stack or drum D. The exhaust steam, in passing into the upper pipe, D, draws after it the whole contents of the drum D, and if made of snfficientlength will draw the products of combustion from the sides and top of smoke-box as far .down as the partition-plate T. The natural draft being thus broken up and destroyed by an almost simultaneous discharge, and a partial vacuum having been produced at the bottom, center, top, andsides of the smoke-box, the products of combustion from the furnace at once pass through the tines in an equal ized manner, whereby each fine discharges into the smoke-box 0 an almost equal quantity of said products of combustion and at about the same moment of time, when the operation of the exhaust is again repeated, and so on until the engine or engines have come to a stop. This equalized draft throughout the entire smoke-box causes the current to reach over within the furnace Y, (shown in modification, Fig. 3, in the shape of the curved lines 0 O,) to a space quite remote from the fine-sheet 61, yet not quite touching the waterleg I), as shown in said modification, Fig. 3, in consequence of which the grate Z, in front of the fine-sheet 61, may be closed off to a considerable extent by cast-iron plates a a or their equivalent, and the airspace between the grate-bars need not exceed one and one-half time the sectional area of the fines.

The method above described of disposing of sparks and cinders is not only applicable to the means above described, where the same is made to draw upon the top, center, and sides of the smoke-box, but is also applicable to any other means provided for producing a partial vacuum within the smoke-box.

In the modification, Fig. 2, 0 represents a smoke-boX, with the ordinary lift-pipe F placed over the nozzle E, K representing the floor or hearth; L, the cavity below; N, the netting attached to the sides of smoke-box and to the hearth K; and M, the blower or exhaust pipe for removing the cinders, as shown in Fig. 1. The cavity L, while useful as a channel for the removal of cinders, has also a beneficial effect upon the draft, the gases within same,

when the pipe M is closed, acting as a cushion, which modifies the forceor energy of the draft from the lower fines as it passes into the lift or suction pipe. For that reason the cinders should not be allowed to accumulate to any great extent before being blown out, which may be done at any time'when the steam is shut off from the cylinders by simply opening the blower-pipe P.

For the purpose of cleaning the smoke-box of sparks and cinders by the use of the cavity L and blow-pipe 1, it is not absolutely necessary, although it is preferable, that the cinders should be collected in any particular spot. They may be made to fall generally all over the smoke-box, the action of the blow-pipe, as constructed and arranged with cavity L and pipe M, being sufficiently strong to thoroughly cleanse the smoke-box of cinders from any portion thereof.

The flare of the lift-pipe F is a modification of the suction-pipe H, (shown in Fig. 1,) Jrepresenting the plate attached to or connected with the lower portion thereof, with a sufficient opening therein or around the sides of same forthe admission of the necessary amount of draft.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desirefto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described device for regulating thedraft in the furnace and fines of locomotive and stationary boilers, consisting of the drum Gr, lift-pipe F, suction-pipe H, and exhaust pipe E, arranged substantially as shown, for the purpose of dividing the draft within the smoke box into three currents, whereby the draft is equalized throughout the fines and over the surface of the furnace.

2. The herein-described device for regulating and improving the draft of locomotive and stationary boilers, consisting of the drum Gr, exhaust-pipe E, lift-pipe F, suction-pipe H, and plate K, all arranged substantially as shown, for the purposes specified.

3. The herein-described device for regulating and improving the draft of locomotive and stationary boilers, consisting of the lift-pipe F, provided with an annular shield, T, for assisting in diverting a portion of the draft downward into drum G, in combination with said drum G, suction-pipe H, and exhaustpipe E. 4. The herein-described device for arresting, collecting, and discharging sparks or cinders, which consists of the netting N, terminating on plate K, for the purpose of deflecting said sparks or cinders downward to the bottom of the smoke-box, and the passage or cavity L, formed by said plate K, in combination with jet-pipe P and pipe M, for exhausting and conducting the cinders from said passage L.

JOHN DUNWVELL BROWN. Witnesses:

WILLIAM F. BRANDT, EDWIN L. BULLIs. 

